1. Rapid Cooling of the Wax
One of the primary causes of sinkholes is when the wax cools too quickly. If the candle is exposed to drafts or cool temperatures during the setting process, the wax solidifies unevenly, leading to sinkholes in the center.
Tip: To avoid this, allow your candles to cool at room temperature, away from cold drafts.
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2. Pouring Temperature
If the soy wax is poured at too high or too low of a temperature, it can cause the wax to contract or cool unevenly, leading to sinkholes. The ideal pouring temperature for soy wax is typically between 130°F and 140°F (54°C to 60°C). Pouring at the wrong temperature can result in air bubbles or surface imperfections, including sinkholes.
Tip: Always check the recommended pouring temperature for the specific soy wax you are using.
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3. Incorrect Wick Size
A wick that is too large or too small for the candle container can also contribute to sinkholes. If the wick is too large, it may burn too hot, causing the wax to melt too quickly and create depressions. If the wick is too small, it may not burn the wax evenly, causing unburned wax to remain around the edges.
Tip: Make sure you’re using the right wick size for your container to ensure even burning.
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4. Fragrance Oils and Additives
Adding too many fragrance oils or other additives to the wax can affect how it cools and may lead to imperfections, including sinkholes. Fragrance oils can lower the overall melt point of the wax, which can interfere with the cooling process.
Tip: Stick to the recommended fragrance oil load for your wax to avoid these issues.
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5. Wax Quality
The quality of the soy wax itself can play a role in whether sinkholes form. Lower-quality soy waxes or those with impurities may cool inconsistently, leading to depressions in the finished product.
Tip: Always use high-quality, pure soy wax for a smooth and consistent candle-making process.
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How to Fix Sinkholes in Soy Candles?
If you notice sinkholes in your candles, there are a few methods to correct the issue:
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Top-off Method: After the initial cooling, reheat and pour a small amount of additional melted wax to fill in the depression.
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Use a Heat Gun: To smooth out the surface, you can use a heat gun to gently melt the top layer of wax and level it out.
Conclusion: How to Prevent Sinkholes in Soy Candles?
To prevent sinkholes, it's important to control the cooling process, use the correct pouring temperature, select the right wick size, and avoid using excessive fragrance oils. These small adjustments can result in a smoother, more visually appealing candle.
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